Environmental Echo

by Don Corrigan

In a March 1 talk that focused on oak trees in Missouri and Illinois, arborist Guy Sternberg introduced an audience at the Kirkwood Performing Arts Center to the term “global destabilization.”

The term “global destabilization” is closely related to the crisis of global warming and destructive climate change. While human awareness of the destructive impacts of global warming is growing, the will to address warming and climate change is woefully inadequate.

Hence, we get “global destabilization,” which means over-heated land masses and urban cores, destruction of plant and animal life, the creation of super-cell storms, mass migrations – and the strife that results from mass relocations of people.

Trees figure into all of this. Trees suffer immensely from the destruction of plant and animal life, from the loss of habitat, from the loss of the many pollinators that make their existence possible.

Wildfires are nothing new, but increasing climate destabilization has made their ferocity and frequency unprecedented. Whole forests of trees have been lost to these fires leaving terrible scars upon the land.

Trees also suffer from global warming because it brings the migration of insect pests into areas where they have never thrived before. Some pests wreak havoc on particular species of trees, which can have catastrophic consequences.

Although trees are victims, they also can be the heroes in the growing crisis of global warming and climate change. This is because trees can mitigate the harmful effects of climate change.

Restoring lost trees is important to slowing the climate change crisis. CO2 emissions are a major culprit in climate change. Trees capture CO2 from the atmosphere and store the carbon in their leaves, stems and roots – eventually increasing the carbon stored in soil.

Six million trillion trees once grew on Earth. Humans have cut down half of them. Restoring trees and forests can achieve much in the growing climate crisis. New tree plantings and forests can help us avoid the loss of plant and animal species that call forests home.

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This French statue depicts the American “New World” as a young woman propping up a sickly old woman – France. The grateful French erected it at Montpellier in gratitude for U.S. help in defeating phylloxera, a parasite destroying French vineyards. Photo courtesy of Robert Scheef

by Don Corrigan

Americans visiting wine country in France often express surprise when coming upon an intriguing statue in Montpellier. It depicts a younger woman holding and soothing an older woman.

The statue is a representation of France and America helping one another with viticulture. When France’s vineyards were dying from the pest, phylloxera, in the 1800s, Missourians came to the rescue.

Missouri vineyard experts gave French winemakers American rootstock, which is resistant to the parasite. The trick involved grafting the majority of France’s grape plants with hearty American rootstock.

The “Wine Ladies” statue celebrates this curative. An older woman depicts France as ill and dying, whereas the younger woman illustrates America coming to help and soothe. It is a very touching story.

Missouri Wine Country gave a vineyard gift not only to France, but to the world. The Missouri Botanical Garden’s Henry Shaw was a lover of grapes, a wine enthusiast, and he consorted with Missouri’s viniculture experts.

Shaw’s cadre of viniculture specialists included George Engelmann, Charles V. Riley, George Husmann and Hermann Jaeger. When the parasite known as phylloxera began destroying Europe’s wine industry in the 1870s, Shaw’s experts reacted.

Engelmann and other Missouri horticulturalists, including Husmann and Jaeger, developed and organized a shipment of phylloxera-resistant American grapevines to send to France.

The shipped grapevines were used as hardy root stocks to which European vines were grafted. The grafting enabled the French vines to withstand the deadly attack and Europe’s wine industry was saved.

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Alan Hopefl of Kirkwood, who has earned a nickname as the “Honeysuckle Slayer,” said he cannot understand why any state legislator would support nurseries selling harmful invasive plants.

by Don Corrigan

This past fall youngsters volunteered with Back To Nature STL to hack out invasive bush honeysuckle in St. Louis suburbs. Volunteers have an uphill fight, in part, because state nurseries continue to sell invasive plants.

“Volunteers can take heart now because there is legislation in Jefferson City to stop the sale of these plants,” said Bonnie Harper of Open Space St. Louis, which had 45 “Honeysuckle Hack” events in 2024 with its Back To Nature STL program.

“Honeysuckle Hack” events had their origin under the Open Space Council in Kirkwood, an organization renamed as Open Space St. Louis with a new headquarters in Sunset Hills. Regardless of name or headquarters location, the hacking continues.

“We have ‘Honeysuckle Hack’ events scheduled to summer now, with the most recent in January at Jefferson Barracks,” said Harper. “Hacking out invasives is labor intensive work, so it’s great to learn that the legislature may end their sale at nurseries.”

Rep. Bruce Sassmann, R-Bland, is sponsor of HB60. Sassman said honeysuckle hackers should take heart, but he said his proposed law is just a small step in the right direction on a big problem.

“Every day invasive species are threatening the health of our nation’s vital agricultural and natural lands,“ said Sassman. “Forests are being infested, cropland production is being impacted, streams are being impacted, wildlife is losing habitat.”

The U.S. Department of Agriculture defines an invasive species as one whose introduction causes economic harm, environmental harm, or harm to human health.

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